10 basic git commands you must know

If you work on software development project then you might have already used git for version control. If you haven't used git yet then it's high time you should learn and start using this. Following are the 10 git commands you must know while getting started with git.

1. git init: It initializes the git repository. Running this command creates a directory(.git) inside the current directory which contains git configuration and other repository data. See below image how there was no git repository initially and after running git init, an empty git repository is initialized as we can see the .git directory gets created.

2. git status: It shows the current status of the repository by showing the difference between index file and the current HEAD commit. It shows the untracked files and files which are added to staging area but not yet committed. You can use different options with git status.
Using -s option gives the output in short format.
Option -v or --verbose will show the changes which are staged to be committed.

3. git checkout: It is used for switching between branches.
git checkout <branchName> will switch to the branch. You can also create a new branch and then switch to it in one step by using the option -b.
git checkout -b <branchName>creates a new branch and then switches to the newly created branch.

4. git add: It adds files to the staging area to be committed.
git add <file1> <file2> will add files "file1" and "file2" in the staging area. We can also use regular expressions to add multiple files at once.
git add *.txt will add all files with suffix .txt.
git add . will add all files present in the current working directory.

5. git commit: It commits all the changes which are in the staging area. Running the command git-commit will open the text editor for the commit message to write. Write useful commit message so that even other contributors to the repository should be able to figure out about the changes done in the particular commit.
git commit -m "commit message goes here": By using the option -m, you can directly provide the commit message in the same line without opening a separate editor.

git commit -a : It will add all changes to staging area then commit.
git commit -am "commit message": Adding all files and committing inline.

6. git diff: It shows the changes made since the last commit. To see the changes in the file which are added in the staging area, use git diff --cached.

7. git log: It shows commit logs.

8. git branch: It helps in showing the current working branch.
git branch -d <branchName> can be used to delete the branch.

9. git stash: If you made some change in a branch but want to park those changes for a while and want to work on some different branch, git stash is your friend. It parks the uncommitted changes to a stash area. You can have multiple stashes.
git stash list: Shows the stack of stash. Latest on the top.
10. git push: After you have made all the changes and committed its time to push those changes to the remote branch. By using git push, the current branch is pushed to the corresponding upstream branch, but as a safety measure, the push is aborted if the upstream branch does not have the same name as the local one.

This is a very basic version of the actual power of git commands showcased above and you can actually do much more by using different options. We haven't talked about merge, rebase, hooks & much more stuff. I will cover them in future posts and will try to cover each git command in more details.

Since you are still here at this post I am providing few best resource for learning git for beginners as well as seasoned programmers.

https://try.github.io/ : This is one of the best resources to start with if you are a novice. It is interactive and easy to start with.
https://git-scm.com : If you are already using git and want to dive deeper.

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Krishna ki chetawani -- कृष्ण की चेतावनी

कृष्ण की चेतावनी -- रामधारी सिंह दिनकर वर्षों तक वन में घूम घूम बाधा विघ्नों को चूम चूम सह धूप घाम पानी पत्थर पांडव आये कुछ और निखर सौभाग्य न सब दिन सोता है देखें आगे क्या होता है मैत्री की राह दिखाने को सब को सुमार्ग पर लाने को दुर्योधन को समझाने को भीषण विध्वंस बचाने को भगवान हस्तिनापुर आए पांडव का संदेशा लाये दो न्याय अगर तो आधा दो पर इसमें भी यदि बाधा हो तो दे दो केवल पाँच ग्राम रखो अपनी धरती तमाम हम वहीँ खुशी से खायेंगे परिजन पे असी ना उठाएंगे दुर्योधन वह भी दे ना सका आशीष समाज की ले न सका उलटे हरि को बाँधने चला जो था असाध्य साधने चला जब नाश मनुज पर छाता है पहले विवेक मर जाता है हरि ने भीषण हुँकार किया अपना स्वरूप विस्तार किया डगमग डगमग दिग्गज डोले भगवान कुपित हो कर बोले जंजीर बढ़ा कर साध मुझे हां हां दुर्योधन बाँध मुझे ये देख गगन मुझमे लय है ये देख पवन मुझमे लय है मुझमे विलीन झंकार सकल मुझमे लय है संसार सकल अमरत्व फूलता है मुझमे संहार झूलता है मुझमे उदयाचल मेरा दीप्त भाल, भूमंडल वक्षस्थल विशाल, भुज परिधि-बन्ध को घेरे हैं, मैनाक-मेरु पग मेरे हैं। दिपते जो ग्रह नक्षत्र निकर, सब हैं

आ तमाशा तू भी देख

देखने वाले देखते हैं, सब कुछ देखते हैं ये लोग देख देख कुछ करते नहीं, जाने कहाँ से लगा ये रोग । गरीब देखा, पीड़ित देखा, देखे उनके खेत बंजर फर्क उनको कुछ पड़ा नहीं, देख किसानों का ये मंजर झूठ वादा, झूठे काम, किसानों के प्रति झूठा सम्मान सब देख मंद मुस्काते हैं, चाहे फांद गला लटके किसान हिन्दू देखा, मुस्लिम देखा, देखी जाने कितनी जाती पर जिससे इंसान दिखें, ऐसी कला कहाँ उनको आती देखने वाले देखते हैं, सब कुछ देखते हैं ये लोग देख देख कुछ करते नहीं, जाने कहाँ से लगा ये रोग । घर में देखा, ऑफिस में देखा, देखा ओलंपिक्स में परचम लहराते चाहे जितने हुनर उनके देखे, पर कसी फब्तियां आते जाते कल के दुश्मन आज हैं भाई, गले पड़े भुला के सब लफड़े लेकर ठेका आदर्शवाद का, नाप रहे दूजों के कपडे अधरों पे बेशर्मी का पर्दा, जो पीड़ित है उसी की गलती देख देख इन बड़बोलों को, दानवों की कमी कहाँ है खलती देखने वाले देखते हैं, सब कुछ देखते हैं ये लोग देख देख कुछ करते नहीं, जाने कहाँ से लगा ये रोग । सड़क नहीं, बिजली नहीं, जनता का पैसा, उनकी जेब जहाँ देखो वहीँ मिलेंगे, भरे प

कोई तो होता

भटकता जब मैं अपना पथ भूल जाता लगाकर मैं गोता, वापस मुझको लाने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। गिरकर, भटककर, खाकर चोट जब मैं मन ही मन रोता, मेरे दुखों को समझने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। सन्नाटे के धुंध में जब चुप चुप अकेले मैं सोता, मुझसे बातें करने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। अनगिनत जिम्मेदारियां अपनी होकर असहाय जब मैं ढोता, मुझको सहारा देने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। जीवन के संघर्षों से लड़कर जब मैं अपना मनोबल खोता, साहस मुझे बंधाने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। खाकर अपने पीठ पे खंजर जब मैं अपने जख्मों को धोता, मरहम मुझको करने वाला काश ऐसा कोई तो होता। -- शशिकांत * उपरोक्त पंक्तियाँ मेरी पुस्तक " आ तमाशा तू भी देख " का अंश हैं।

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Golu has 100 identical coins (with head side and tail side) which he wants to donate to someone. There are many people who are aiming to get this collection of 100 coins. So Golu created a puzzle using all 100 coins and declared that the one who will solve his puzzle will get all the coins. You desperately need money so solving the puzzle is only option you have. The Problem goes like this: All 100 coins are laying flat on a table. 80 of them are heads up and remaining 20 are tails up. You can’t feel, see or in any other way find out which side is up. Split the coins into two piles(sets) such that there are the same number of tails in each pile. [Baby Hint]: If number of coins in first pile is n then other pile will have 100-n coins. First try yourself before peeking into the solution below.

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Never compare your life to others. You have no idea what their journey is about.

Close up images of US Dollar bill of $10

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