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JSON vs YAML



JSON

JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) is a human-readable data exchange format. 
JSON is built on two structures:
  1. A collection of name/value pairs. In various languages, this is realized as an object, record, struct, dictionary, hash table, keyed list, or associative array.
  2. An ordered list of values. In most languages, this is realized as an array, vector, list, or sequence.
JSON's basic data types are:
Number: a signed decimal number that may contain a fractional part and may use exponential E notation, but cannot include non-numbers such as NaN. The format makes no distinction between integer and floating-point. JavaScript uses a double-precision floating-point format for all its numeric values, but other languages implementing JSON may encode numbers differently.
String: a sequence of zero or more Unicode characters. Strings are delimited with double-quotation marks and support a backslash escaping syntax.
Boolean: either of the values true or false
Array: an ordered list of zero or more values, each of which may be of any type. Arrays use square bracket notation and elements are comma-separated.
Object: an unordered collection of name-value pairs where the names (also called keys) are strings. Since objects are intended to represent associative arrays, it is recommended, though not required, that each key is unique within an object. Objects are delimited with curly brackets and use commas to separate each pair, while within each pair the colon ':' character separates the key or name from its value.
null: An empty value, using the word null

YAML

YAML is a recursive acronym. 
YAML Ain't Markup Language
YAML is a human-friendly data serialization standard for all programming languages. It is commonly used for configuration files, but could be used in many applications where data is being stored (e.g. debugging output) or transmitted (e.g. document headers). Unlike JSON, it has the capability to add comments. 
  • YAML structures enable storage of multiple documents within a single file, usage of references for repeated nodes, and usage of arbitrary nodes as keys.
  • YAML has many additional features lacking in JSON, including comments, extensible data types, relational anchors, strings without quotation marks, and mapping types preserving key order.
  • .yml files begin with '---', marking the start of the document
  • key-value pairs are separated by colon
  • lists begin with a hyphen

JSON vs YAML

Both JSON and YAML aim to be human-readable data interchange formats. However, JSON and YAML have different priorities. JSON’s foremost design goal is simplicity and universality. Thus, JSON is trivial to generate and parse, at the cost of reduced human readability. It also uses a lowest common denominator information model, ensuring any JSON data can be easily processed by every modern programming environment. 
In contrast, YAML’s foremost design goals are human readability and support for serializing arbitrary native data structures. Thus, YAML allows for extremely readable files but is more complex to generate and parse. In addition, YAML ventures beyond the lowest common denominator data types, requiring more complex processing when crossing between different programming environments.
YAML can, therefore, be viewed as a natural superset of JSON, offering improved human readability and a complete information model. This is also the case in practice; every JSON file is also a valid YAML file. This makes it easy to migrate from JSON to YAML if/when the additional features are required.
  • YAML is best suited for the configuration where JSON is better as a serialization format or serving up data for your APIs. This is emphasized by the fact that the JSON doesn't provide the ability to add comments, unlike YAML. YAML is suited for editing files hence writing configuration files is better suited. We should write our configuration files in YAML format where we have the opportunity - it is designed to be readable and editable by humans.
  • JSON ships with a far simpler spec than YAML. JSON can be learned a lot faster than YAML because it is not nearly as robust in its feature set.
  • YAML is a superset of JSON, which means we can parse JSON with a YAML parser.
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